Telegraph type-writer.



A. D. GARDWELL. TELEGRAPH TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION FILED DEG. 22, 1910.

Patented A w, 1913.

wit m 20000:

A. D. CARDWELL.

TELEGRAPH TYPE WRITER.-

APPLICATION 11.31) mm. 22, 1910.

Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2.

wdme'wao A. D. GAEDWELL. TELEGRAPH TYPE WRITER? APPLICATION FILED DEC. 22, 1910.

Patented Aug". :19, 19113.

A. D. GARDWELL.

TELEGRAPH TYPE WRITER.

APPLICATION FILED DBO. 22, 1910. a W LQ XQAQT 7 V Patented Aug. 19, 19113.

5 slums-SHEEN.

. 4 8 'UQVIATO'G wm A. D. GARDWELL. TELEGRAPH TYPE WRITER. APPLICATION FILED DEC. 22, 1910.

Patented Aug. 19, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5 ALLEN D. CARIDWIELL, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

TELEGRAPH TYPE-WRITER.

aerator.

Specification of Letters Fatent.

Patented Aug. llllt, 1913?.

Application filed December 22, 1910. Serial No. 598,755.

.have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Telegraph Type-Writers, of

- which the following is a specification.

The invention will be understood by ref erence to the accompanying drawings, 1n which Figure 1 is a plan view; vation with some of the parts broken away; Fig. 3 a transverse view on the plane of the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrow; Fig. 4 a plan view of certain parts of Fig. 1 on an enlarged scale showing a different position of the parts; Fig. 5 a view similar to Fig. 4. showing another position of the'parts; Fig. 6 a longitudinal section on the plane of the line 6-6 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 7 a developmcnt'of the type wheel for the purpose of explaining the invention; and Fig. 8 a diagrammatic view of the circuits.

Similar reference numerals indicate similar parts in the several views.

Referring to the drawings, the numeral 1 designates a type wheel which, in the form shown, is divided into four equal sections,

each section having sixteen letters, numerals,

or other symbols thereon. In an apparatus constructed by me I have used forty-eight characters, but provision is made in the machine illustratedherein for sixty-four characters. In Fig. 6 the characters are shown on the upper one of the four sections of the wheel. In a vertical direction the characters do not take up the entire height of a section, and the space which is hereafter referred to as being between the rows of type characters is the plain surface of the wheel between the horizontal rows. The type wheel 1 is splined on a vertical shaft 2, the latter being supported in suitable bearings in the frame of the machine, and is adapted to be rotated by a pinion 3 keyed thereon, and a toothed sector 4 on the end of an oscillating arm 5. The printing hammer 6 has a direct forward movement only and the type wheel is so disposed that normally the type hammer is opposite the space between the second and Fig. 2 a side elethird rows of the wheel. This, therefore, necessitates not only a rotary movement of the wheel, but also a vertical movement in order to bring the proper section into print ing position. The rotary movements necessary to be imparted to the type wheel may best be explained by reference to'Fi-g. 7. I have here for convenience developed the type wheel showing spaces for sixty-four characters, sixteen letters of the alphabet being in the top row. The normal position of the hammer is indicated by the black square. The positioning of the type wheel is effected by three groups of magnets, the first and second groups effecting a rotation of the wheel, and the third group effecting a longi-- tudinal movement of the wheel to bring the row on which the selected character is in printing position. The first group comprises the magnets A, B and C, and the second group magnets D, E and F. If new in Fig. 7 we assume the line ma to be the central or starting line, that is, the vertical plane passing through the axis of the hammer 6, the purpose is to rotate the wheel from this starting or normal position to its proper horizontal position for any of the sixteen characters on any one of the four rows in two movements. It will be noted that the starting line 03-00 is intermediate two characters. The first movement of the wheel, if to the left, on the diagram, will move the wheel so that the lines a, or a will be in the vertical plane of the printing hammer; or, if to the right, a or a willbe in said plane. The second movement is designed to carry the wheel to its ultimate horizontal position, and as the first movement positions the wheel relatively to the hammerintermediate two characters, the second movement must move the wheel either to the right or to the left one-half space or one and onehalf spaces to position the selected character in the vertical plane of the axis of the hammer. This may be explained by assuming move the type wheel one-half space to the right to bring the letter 72. into said plane. F roni this description the movements either to .the right or left of the normal-position ww for any letter or characterinay bereadily traced, and it will be seen that the second movement of the wheel may be either in the same or in thereverse direction of the first movement. Having positioned the wheel horizontally, the third group of magnets G, H and I is utilized to move the wheel longitudinally of its axis to bring the row containing the selected character to be printed in proper relation to the hammer 6.

. For example, if the selected character is in the first row, the wheel will be moved down oneand one-half spaces Ifin the third row, on'e'shalf space up. The division of the type wheel as described is more convenient than having all the characters in a single on the wheel. .Opposite the star wheel is a pawl 8 on the end of an arm 9 fast to the armature of printing magnet J, the normal position oflsaid pawl being out of engagement with the star Wheel, as shown in Fig. 4. When the printing magnet J is energized, on the breaking of the final impulse, the pawl 8 is thrown into engagement with I the star wheel to hold the type wheel rigid and to bring it into exact printing position, if it should be slightly out of alinement. When magnet J is denergized, the pawl 8 is thrown out of engagement with the star wheel 'Z by spring 10f When the machine is operated at high speeds the type wheel is liable to oscillate slightly and for that reason I provide the star wheel and pawlas justddescribed'in order to hold the ype wheel rigi Before giving a detail description of the mechanism and of its mode of operation, I will state that the positioning magnets comprised in the three groups above referred to are selectively energized by impulses from I a sending station, these impulses being of different characteristics, as a long or short positive, or a long or short negative, or a strong-or weak positive, or a strong or weak negative, as is'well known in printing systems. For example, the magnets A, D and G may each beoperated by a short positive impulse; the magnets B, E and H by a short negative impulse; magnet G by a long positive or negative impulse in conjunction with the magnets A or B; magnet F by a long and bearing against the walls positive or negative impulse in conjunction with the magnet D or E; and the magnet I by a long positive or negative impulse in conjunction with the'magnet G or H. The magnet A aloneorB alone, or either one in conjunction with magnet C, is energized by the first impulse. In the second group either the magnet D or E alone, or either one in conjunction with magnet F, isenergized by the second impulse. In the third group the magnet G alone or H alone, or either in conjunction with the magnet I, is energized by the third impulse, these magnets moving the type wheel to its ultimate or printing position. These magnets are not energizeddirec-tly by the line currents or line relays but by intermediate relays shown in Fig. 8, as will be described hereafter.

With this general explanation I will now proceed to describe the machine in detail, taking first the group of magnets A, B and C and the parts actuated thereby.

The first group of magnets.-As above stated, and by referring to the diagram in Fig. 7, the magnet A-is designed to rotate the type wheel two type spaces to the right, and in conjunction with magnet Csix spaces to the right. The magnet'B alone when energized is designed to move the type wheel two type spaces to the left and, when energized in conjunction with magnet C, six typespaces to the left. The means for effecting these movements are as follows:

Between the two magnets A and B is an armature 11 pivoted on a shaft 12 having a bearing in the base 13 and a'standard 13. In order to transmit the movement of armature 11 to the sector arm 5, I connect to the armature 11 a plate 14 by means of a shoulder screw 15, said screw passing through an elongated slot 16 pf said plate -of'said slot. The armature 11 and the plate 14 and a plate 17 above the plate Mare extended beyond the shaft 12 and are secured byv a shoulder screw l8, suitable washers being interposed between the armature and the plates, as shown in Fig. 6. The plate 14 has a second longitudinal slot 19,,as shown in Fig. 6, through which the screw 18 passes.

In order to prevent any lost motion sidewise of the plate 14, the screws 15 and '18 bear against the side walls of the slot 16 and 19, respectively. In the plate 14 there is also a diagonal or cam slot 20 in which is a roller on the end of stud screw 21, which stud is secured to plate 17, the roller on the lower end of the stud bearing against the side walls of the cam slot 20. Near the outer end of the plate 17 is a post or pin 22 which projects upwardly between and bears against two fingers 23, said fingers being supported on shaft 12 between suitable collars, as shown 'in' Fig. 6, and are held to-;-'

gether on said shaft by a spring 25 secured spring pressed together by a spring 28 simi-- lar to the spring 25 for holding together the fingers 23. At their outer ends the fingers 27 bear against the sides of a stop stud 29 set into the base 13.

The function of the studs 26 and 29 and spring fingers 27 is to hold the armature 11 in its normal posit-ion and also to return it to normal position after it has been moved to one side or the other. The function of studs 24 and 22, and spring 25, and fingers 23 is to hold the sector arm 5 in a definite relation withplate 17 but to allow the sector arm 5 to overthrow, without danger to the parts under abnormal conditions. The function of plate 14 and its diagonal slot 20 is to vary the relation of the sector arm 5 with respect to the armature 11 when the magnets D, E and Fare energized. When the magnet A or B is energized the movement of armature 11 carries with it the plate 14 by means of studs 15 and 18. The movement of plate 14 is transmitted to plate 17- through stud 21 and diagonal slot 20 and the movement of plate 17 is transmitted through stud 22 to spring-pressed fingers 23, and the movement of the latter through stud 24 is transmitted to sector arm 5. The movement of these parts is arrested-by the forward end of armature 11 contacting with one of the rectangular heads 34 or with the standard 30, as will be .presently described. When operating at high speeds, whenthe movement of armature 11 is arrested, the parts intermediate the armature and the se ctor arm 5 permit an overthrow of the latter, but it is immediately restoredto its proper position by the action of the spring fingers 23.

Secured to the base 13 at the forward end ofarmature 11 are two standards 30 which support a plate 31. Extending through openings in the base 13 are two pins 32, one on each side of the center of the plate 31. Integral with these pins are collars 33, and above the collars the pins are formed with rectangular heads 34 which project' upwardly through openings in the plate 31 and serve, when projected upwardly, as stops to limit the stroke of armature 11, andwhich, when withdrawn, will permit further movement of the armature, as explained later. The pins 32 and their rectangular heads 34 are normally pressed upwardly to hold the heads 34 in their projected positions, by

springs 35 hearing against collars 33 and the base 13.

The magnet Cis mounted below the base 13 and its armature 36 is made in the form of a bell crank with-its forwardend widened and provided with openings through whichthe pins, 32 pass, said pins having check nuts 37 thereon. It will be readily understood from this that when magnet C is energized the outer end of its armature will bedepressed to therebypull down upon the pins 32, the'e'xtent of movement of armature 36 being sufiicient'to draw the heads 34 of said pins flush with the plate 31. A stop screw 38 limits the upward movement of the armature 36 and thereby the upward movement of the pins 32.

The operation of the mechanism so far described is as follows z ln'their normal positions the armature 11 is held centrally be-- tween magnets A and B, and centrally between the stops 34'by thespringpressed arms 27 and studs 26-and'29'h So long as the magnet O is deenergiz'ed the stops 34 will remain in their upward or normal position to thereby limit the movement of armature 11 either to the right or'fleft the equivalent of two type spaces on the type wheel, or two teeth on the pinion 3 and star wheel 7; that is, by referring to the diagira'mof ig. 7, to" either of the positions a ora When magnet 0 is energized the stop's34' will be retracted permitting thereby the'movementof armature 11 a distance equivalent to six type spaces, or six teeth of the pinion 3 and star wheel 7, or, by referring to the diagram of Fig. 7, to either of the positions-mt era. Either one of these four positions"isdeter mined by the first impulse; that is, the first impulse may energize the ma-gnet ri alone or'B alone, or A and O in combinatiompor;

B and C in combination, giving oneLofth'e-j suming that the magnet A alone is, 'ener gized, then as armature 11 is attractedjits i forward end will contact with the upper stop 34, as viewed in Fig. 1. To prevent the sector arm 5 being subjected to the shockand the stop 34, T have provided the meoha nism above described intermediate the ar -1 mature and sector arm; that is, when armature 11 is brought to rest, the inertia of sec-f" tor 5 tends to keep it moving in the directionof its initial movement; that is, forward. It is, however, brought to rest and to a central position relatively to. armature 11 by means of stud 24, spring pressed fingers 23, stud 22,'plate 17 stud 21, plate 14 and screws-.- 15 and 18. "When armature 11 is brought to rest the stud 24 carried by the sector arm 5 bears against the upper one of the spring pressed fingers 23, separating it from its companion finger, and also moving it away age 7 its;

from stud 22. The other parts; that is,

plates 14 and 17, come to rest with armature 11. When the inertiaof sector arm 5 has beenovercome by tension of the spring 25, it will have moved the type wheel the distance of two type spaces. If armature B alone is energized, the movement of the parts above described will be in. the reverse direction.

If the first impulse is to carry the type wheel to either of the positions a or a, then magnet C is energized to withdraw the stops 34, thereby permitting a movement of arms.- ture 11-and sector him 5 with corresponding rotation of the typ r wheel to either of the positions a? or a, it being understood that when the stops 34 are Withdrawn either magnet A is energized in conjunction with O,

v or'magnetu-B with C.-'.VV hen the stops 34 are withdrawmthe armat re 11 will rest against standards 30. When any magnet of the first, second or third group is energized, it remains energized to hold the wheel in the position to which itis brought by that particular magnet until the character has been printed.

Second group of magnets, D, E and F.. As before stated, it is necessary to give the. type wheel two rotary movements in order to position the selectedcharacter in the vertical plane of the axis of the hammer. The second rotary movement is effect'd by I the group of magnets D, E and F, whic ixlare designed to give an additional movemen of the sector arm 5 to move the type wheel one- .half space or one and one-half spaces to the right or left of the positions a, a (L or a to which the Wheel was broughtby the first impulse. To this end the armature 39 is pivoted on a shaft 40 heldin suitable bearings in the base and in a standard supported on the base. Set into the under side of the armature is a stud 41 (see Fig. 1) which projects downwardly between two spring-pressed fingers 42, these fingers at their rear ends bearing against the shaft 40 bet een suitable collars and pressed toward each other by a spring 43. Projecting upwardly from the base between said fingers in proximity to the stud 41 is a second stud 44, this construction being substantially similar to the fingers 27 and studs 26 and 29 used in connection with armature 11.

Armature 39 is extended forward so as to pass over a plate 45 supported upon standards and similar to the plate 31, and at its outer end carries a pivotal stud on which ismounted one end of-a link 46, the" other end of said link being connected to a. pivot stud carried by arm 47 secured to plate 14. The plate 45 is formed with openings through which project stops 48 carried on spring pressed pins 49 in'all respects 7 upwar similar to the stops 34 and pins 32, hereto-. fore described. v

The sec nd rotary movement of the type wheel is eifected when magnet ,D alone is energized or magnet E alone, or magnet D in conjunction with F, or magnetE in conjunction withF. So long as magnet F is deener ized, the stops 48 remain in their position thereby. limiting the movement of armature 39 to that which is effected by magnet D alone or E alone. In Fig. 4 I have shown the parts in the position assumed after the first impulse and with the armature 39 in its normal position. If now magnet D, alone is energized the armature 39 -will, when attracted, be brought to rest against the right-hand stop 48. This movement of armature 39 is communicated through link 46 to plate 14 moving the latter longitudinally forward, this movement be ing permitted'by reason 'of the slots 16 and 19 in said plate. As the plate 14 moves forward the 'walls of the diagonal or cam slot 20 bear against the stud 21 and, as said studjis fast to plate 17, the latter will be displaced angularlyrelatively to plate 14. As' shownin Fig.5, the plate 17 is formed in its forward end with a transverse slot 17 which permits of this angular movement of said. plate. about the shoulder screw 18 as a center. This angular movement of plate 14is communicated through stud 22, sprmg 5 pressed arms 23 and stud 24 to sector arm 5, the length of armature 39 and the angle of slot 20 being so proportioned that the ultimate m i ment of sector arm 5, when magnet D aldne or E alone isenergized, will move the type wheel'one-half of a type space to the rightor left. If magnet F is energized in conjunction with magnet D or magnet E, then the stops 48 will be withdrawn to permit of an additional-movement of armature 39 and of sector arm 5 in the same direction, the additional movement permitted by withdrawing stops 48. being equivalent to one full type space so that When magnet F- is energized the type wheel will be moved one and one-half spaces to the right or left.

When magnet E alone is energized then a rearward movement is imparted to plate 14 to thereby rotate the type wheel onehalf space in a direction reverse to that imparted by magnet D. When magnet F is energized in conjunction with E a further rearward movement will be imparted to plate 14, corresponding with the forward movementwhen magnets D and E are both energized. 1 I

The third group of magnets, G, H I. Having now rotated the wheel so tha the seleoted character is in proper horizontal position relatively to the hammer, it is necessary that a longitudinal movement be given the type wheel to properly position the selected character with respect to the. ham- .mer 6. This final movement of the type wheel is effected by the third group of mag net-s G, H and. I, shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3. Between magnets G and His an armature 50 pivoted on a shaft 51, said armature being held in its normal position by fingers 52 which, at their rear ends, embrace the shaft 51. and are held pressed toward each other by spring 58. Secured to the base 13 is a stud 54: which projects between the spring pressed fingers 52, and secured to the under side of said armature 50 is a stud 55 which also projects between said fingers, these studs being shown in dotted lines in Fig. 3. The fingers 52 and studs 54 and 55 are similar in all respects to the fingers 27 and studs 29 and 26, heretofore described in connection with Fig. 6. The armature 50 is extended forward over a plate 56 supvment with the printing hammer.

ported in standards and similar to the plate 31, and carries at its outward extremity a roller 57 (see Fig. 6) which enters a groove in the type wheel between the lower row and a collar 58. The plate 56 is provided with openings through which project stops 59 mounted on pins 60 spring pressed so as to hold the stops 59 above the surface of the plate 56. The pins (30 are connected to the T end of the bell crank armature 61 of magnet l. The stops 59 are similar in construction to the stops 34:, heretofore described.

As shown in Fig. 6, the type hammer 6 is opposite the center of the type wheel or intermediate the second and third rows of the wheel. When magnet G alone is energized, the outer end of arm 50 will be elevated so as to cause the roller 57 to bear against the under side ofthe wheel and thereby raise it.

so that the third row will be in alinement with the printing hammer 6. When magnet H alone is energized, the outer end of armature 50 ,will be depressed, causing the roller 57 to bear against collar 58 and thereby depress the type wheel to bring the second row into alinement with the printing hammer. When magnets G and l are energized, the type wheel will be raised the space of one and one-half rows so as to bring the fourth section of the wheel into proper aline- When magnets H and I are energized, the type wheel will be lowered the distance of one and one-half rows so as to bring the first section of the wheel into proper alinement with the hammer.

I From the foregoing description it will be seen that the first group of magnets rotate the type wheel either two or six type spaces to the right or left of the normal position of the wheel relatively to the vertical plane of the hammer, and that the second group of magnets move the type wheel one half space or one and one-half spaces to the right or left 'of the position to which it was moved by the first group of magnets; that is, the ultimate horizontal position of the type wheel relatively to the hammer is either'the sum of the two movements or the difference between the two movements. As, for example, by referring to Fig. 7, if the letter i is the selected character, the type wheel will be moved the difference between the movement of two spaces to the left and one and one-half spaces to the right, equal to one-half space to the left. If the letter l is the selected character, the ultimate horizontal position of the type wheel will be the sum of two spaces and one and one-half spaces to the left. The third group of magnets determines the longitudinal position of the type wheel, as already. explained.

As explained later in connection with the diagram of Fig. 8, the impulses may come in in such rapid succession that all of the impulses are received before the above-described mechanism has time to complete its operation; that is, speaking only ofthe mechanical movements, the armature 39 of the second group of magnets may be operated before the armature 11 of the first group has completed its movement, or vice 'versa. In the same manner the armature 50 of the third group of magnets may be operated before the armature of the first or second groups, or this movement may take place intermediate the movements of the armature of the first and second groups. In other words, the ultimate position of the type wheel is the resultant of the movements of armatures 11, 39 and 50 acting either simultaneously or in any one of the six sequences represented by the combinations of the first, second and third groups in their relation to one another. I

When operated at high speeds, there is apt to be a slight overthrow of the type wheel and to secure the exact alinement of the selected character, I provide the star wheel 7 and pawl 8, as heretofore described.

The printing hammer 6 is mounted on a lever (32 pivoted-0n a shaft 63, and is held in its outward or normal position by a spring 64 against a stop 65 fixed to the shaft 63. The shaft 63 is a part of or integral with the armatureGG of magnet J, said shaft having suitable bearings in the base and in a standard mounted thereon. Armature 66, when actuated on the breaking of the final impulse, moves the pawl S into engagement with the star wheel and throws the printing hammer forward by means of the stop arm 65. After delivering its blow, armature 66 is retracted by spring 10.

The armature 66 is extended rearwardly, as shown in Fig. 1, and carries an insulated pin 67 bearing against two normally closed contacts 68 in the main battery circuit. When magnet J is erergized, these contacts 68 are opened so as to restore all magnets to normal. The opening of contacts 68, however, is so timed relatively to the printing operation that the printing will have been accomplished before the contacts, 68 are opened. v I

The particular form of apparatus shown is\that of a tape printing mechanism, the tape being fed from a reel 69' through a suitable guide 7 0, past an opening 71 therein (see Fig. 3), and then in contact with spring fingers 73 which press it against a feed-wheel 72. The latter is mounted on a shaft 78 and fed by ratchet -wheel 74 actuated on the back stroke of armature 66 through the medium of a pawl 7 for both letter and word spacing. For the latter the section of type wheel which is brought in front of the hammer is blank so that no impression is made on the paper.

The ribbon is wound on spools 76 and is fed on each printing operation by a worm 7 7 onthe lower end of shaft 78 (see Fig. 2). The worm drives a gear wheel 79 on the shaft of 'the ribbon spools-76.

Having described the mechanical features of the printing mechanism, I will now, by reference tothe diagrammatic view in Fig. 8, describe thewircuits of the working magnets. Instead of operating the magnets directly fromthe line currents I employ local l relays which are actuated by the mainline relay or relays, one being shown at L. An advantage in usin intermediate relays is that they can be a'd uSted' to the character of the line impulses and will respond more rapidly thereto. Additionally, they serve the purpose, when closed, of maintaining themselves closed and also maintaining current through the working magnets which they control. 4

As shown in Fig. 8, each magnet of the three groups above described is controlled by a contact on a relay designated by the corresponding letter prlmed, the-circuits for said req, lay being controlled by diflerentially woundlocal relays M and N,'and contacts 80 and 81 on the main line relay. Relays M and N are so designed that when both windings are energized there will be no resultant magnetism. Similarly the printing magnet J is controlled by local relay J, which is also differentially wound. The tongue of the main line relay L is normally held in central position relative to contacts 80 and 81 and is connected to one pole of the local battery at point 82, the other pole of said battery being represented as connected to. ground. The relays of. the three groups of magnets are double wound, one winding to attract the armature and close its contact, and the other tending to maintain the said contact closed. In this particular case the right-hand winding is that which primarily operates the relay, and the lefthand Winding is used for holding purposes. The relays M, N and J are primarily energized by the winding on the right-hand side and are then neutralized by the winding on the left-hand side when the holding current is supplied to the relays controlling the working magnets of the first,

second and third groups. They are afterward energized and the armature actuated by the winding on the left-hand side when the current in the winding on the' righthand side has been'broken by the opening of the line relay contacts.

The relay L is a polarized relay and is energized by impulses coming in from a distant station over the line, and the tongueof said relay is moved to the right or the left according to the polarity of the current. The impulse may be of long or short dura; tion.

In order to actuate the working magnets to position the type wheel for the'various characters thereon I have used the following combinations: representing a short posi tive; a long positive; representing a short negative; representing a long negative. I

To explain the action of the relays I will describe the operation thereof and of the working magnets, assuming that the numeral 2 is to be printed and that a positive impulse will close'contact 80, and a negative impulse will close contact 81. To print the numeral 2 requires a short positive, a long 5 7 negative, and a short positive impulse. The first or shortpositive impulse will close contact 80 andcurrent will then flow from local battery from point82, tongue-of relay-- L, contact 80, armature 83 of relay N, arma- 1 b ture 84 of relay M, right-hand winding of relay A, point 85, right-hand' winding of 'relay C, right-hand winding of relay M, to gr und. When relay A is thus energized it closes contact 86; thus supplying current from point 82 through the normally closed I contacts 68, left-hand winding of relay M, thus neutralizing said relay, left-hand winding of relay A, contact 86, armature of relay A, working magnet A, to ground. l/Vhen working magnet A is thus energized, the type wheel will be rotated two spaces c ckwise. Although current is flowingthro-ugh right-hand winding of relay 0, the armatureof the latter is not moved for thereason that said relay. is'so designed as. to operate only on a long impulse. VVhen con'tactll- 80 is opened current is cut ofi' from t e first circuit above described, and the right-hand winding of relay M is deenerg'ized. Current, however, continues through the second above-described circuit closed by contact 86 and the left-hand winding of relay M being energized, closes both. a'rmatures 84 and 84 on contacts 87 and 87, respectively, to shift the circuits of contacts 80 and 81 to the second group of relays D, E and F and the corresponding working magnets.

The second impulse of the selected character being a long negative, contact 81 will responding be closed, thus closing the circuit through armature 83', armature 84 of relay M, contact 87 to right-hand winding of relay E, to point 91, right-hand winding of relay F,

to right-hand winding of relay N, to ground.

When E is energized, contact 92 will be closed, thuspermitting current to flow from point 82, closed contacts 68 to point 93, lefthand winding relay N, thus neutralizing said relay, point 94, letthand winding E,-

tract armat-ures 83 and 83 to shift the cir-' cuits of contacts 80 and 81 to the third group of relays G, H and I of the cor working magnets. Having brought the selected character to its ultimate horizontal position, it remains to raise or lower the type Wheel. This is effected by the third group of magnets, and for the numeral 2 the magnet G must be energized.

The third impulse being a short positive, contact 80 and the following circuit will be closed :point 82, contact 80, armature 83,

contact 89 which was closed on the break ing of the previous impulse, right-hand winding of relay Gr, right-hand Winding of relay I., right-hand winding of relay. J, to ground. When G is energized, contact 96 is closed and current flows from battery through contacts 68, point 97, left-hand winding of J, left-hand winding of G, contact 96, armature of G, Working magnet Gr. to ground. hen G is energized, the type wheel will be shifted one-half space upward to properly position it for the selected characten Since the last impulse was a short one, relay Iwas not operated. When contact 81 is opened, relay J is operated by the left-hand winding thereby closing contact 98 so that current will flow from battery through armature of J, contact 98, print-- ing magnet J, to ground. Nhen the printing magnet is thus energized; the hammer 6 will be moved to eflect the printing. At the end of the printing blow contact 68 will be opened, thus opening all the holding circuits of the local relays and Working magnets previously energized. When relay J is opened,

the printing magnet J will be deenergized,

permitting contact 68 to close and the ma chine to return to normal position.

In the following table I give forty characters, the impulses in their order, and the magnets energized to properly position the type wheel for printing Impulses.

Character. Maanets operated.

BC EF HI BCE HI 30]) HI BC DF HI B EEHI B E HI B 1) HI- +l- B DF HI A EF HI m A E 1 A D HI A DF HI AC EF HI AGE HI ACD HI AC DF HI B EF H B E H 13.1) H B DFH A EFH A E H A D H A DF H 13 EE G B E G B 1) G B Dr G A EF G A E G A D G A D G B EF GI B E GI B D GI B DF G1 A EF G1 A E G1 A-D G1 A DF GI From the foregoing table the circuits 'for any letter of the alphabet may bereadily traced, it being remembered that the relays of magnets A, D and G are energized bypositive line impulse irrespective of duration of the impulse; that the relays of magnets B, E and H are energized by a negative line impulse irrespective of the duration of the impulse; and that the relays of magnets C, F and I are energized by either a positive or a negative line impulse of definite duration. 'Also that relays M, N and J are ditferentially Wound, and that they are operated only when the contact of one of the ref lays of the corresponding group is closed and the main line relay contact 80 or 81 is opened.

In Fig. 8 I have shown the relays G and H shunted With suitable condensers 99 and 99, respectively, and relay I shunted with a non-conductive resistance 100, so that the former are more readily responsive to short impulses and the last-named only to long impulses. The relays of the first and second groups may be provided with similar condensers and resistances.

From the foregoing "table showing, the magnets operated for printing the letters of the alphabet, any one skilled in the art can readily arrange a suitable system of impulses necessary for operating the magnets for numerals, punctuation marks, and other characters on the type wheel and for word circuits connecting said contacts and said re-- lays,'and a magnet in each of said circuits I adapted when energized to shift the circuits spacing. Although I have specified sixtyfour characters on the type wheel, it is evident that a less number may be employed.

What I claimand desire to secure by Let- =ters Patent of the United States is 1. A telegraph typewriter comprising a plurality of groups of working magnets, means for selectively energizing a magnetlor magnets of each group, a line relay and contacts therefor, and meansfor shifting the circuits of the line relay contacts to said groups successively.

2. A telegraph typewriter comprising a plurality of groups of working magnets, groups of relays-corresponding to said magnets and adapted tovclose the magnet circuits, a line relay and contacts therefor, circuits including the line relay contacts and said relays, and means for shifting the circuits of said contacts to said groups of relays successively.

3. A telegraph typewriter comprising a plurality of groups of working magnets, corresponding groups of-relays, a line relay and contacts therefor, circuits including said contacts and relays and a magnet for each group of circuits adapted-when energized to .shift the circuits of the line relay contacts to the next succeeding group.

4. A telegraph typewriter comprising a plurality of groups of working magnets, corresponding groups-of relays adapted when energized to remain energized to close and maintain closed the corresponding working magnet, a line relay and contacts therefor,

ofthe line relay contacts from one group of relays to the next succeeding group.v

'5. A telegraph typewriter. comprising a plurality of groups of working magnets, groups of relays corresponding thereto,

"means for selectively energizing some of the relays of each group by currents of different,

' vpolarity irrespective of duration and another relay of eachgroup by a current'iof definite duration irrespective of polarity.

6. A telegraph typewritercomprising printing mechanism including atype wheel, a plurality of groups of working magnets '-ada'pted when energized to move the type wheel, a relay for each of said, magnets, means for selectively energizing given relays for the selected characters to be printed by successive impulses thereby energizing the CO- IIGSI)OI 1 (1lI1g WOIklI1g magnet, means to effect the printing on the breaking of the final impulse, and means for restoring the relays and working magnets-to normal after the printing has been effected.

7-. A telegraph typewriter comprising printing mechanism including a type wheel,

working magnets adapted when energized to move said wheel, a relay foreach of said magnets, a line elay and contacts. therefor, circuits including said contacts and relays, means for shifting the line contact circuits by successive impulses, means to effect the pulse and for restoring the working magnets and their corresponding relays to normal after the printing has been eifected.

8. A telegraph typewriter comprising three groups of three working magnets each,

a relay for each of said magnets adapted When energized to close its circuit, two of the relays of each group adapted to be energized by currents of-different polarity irrespective of duration, and the third relay of --each group adapted to be energized by a current of definite duration irrespective of polarity.

9. In a telegraph typewriter'the combina- H tion of a type wheel, mechanism for rotating said wheel comprising a plurality of groups of magnets, armatures for said magnets, andmeans intermediate said armatures and type Wheel to effect the ultimate printing position of said Wheel for any given character thereon irrespective of the succession of movements of said armatures.

"10. In aielegraph typewriter the combination of a type wheel, mechanism for rotating said wheel comprising a plurality of groups of magnets, armatures forsaidmagnets, means for imparting movements of variable extent to" said armatures, and means intermediate said armatures and type wheel to effect the ultilnateprinting position of said wheel for any given character thereon irrespective of the succession ofmovements of said armatures.

11-. A telegraphtypewriter comprising a "adapted to be energizedon the opening of one of its windings to thereby shift the'ci'rcuits of" the line contacts to the next succeeding group f'working-magnet relays.

13. In a telegraph typewr'iter the combination of a Jcurved type-bearing surface, electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, and-mechanism actuated by said armature to move said type bearing surface in 130 printlng on the. breaking of the final 1mplurality of groups of working magnetsp corresponding groups of relays fadapted to oppositedirections, and means. to additionally move said mechanism from the position to which it is moved by said magnets.

14. Ina telegraph typewriter the combi-' nation "of a curved type-bearing surface, electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, mechanism actuated by said armature to move said type-bearing surface, and another electromagnet adapted to act in conjunction With said firstnamed magnets to effect an additional movement of said typebearing surface and means to additionally move said mechanism from the position to which it is moved by said first named magnets.

15. In a telegraph typewriter the combination of a curved type-bearing surface, electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, mechanism actuated by said armature to move said type-bearing surface, another electromagnet 'ada'pte'dto act in conjunction wit-h said first-named magnets to effect an additional movement of said type-bearing surface, and a group of magnets adapted to act in conjunction with the aforesaid magnets to modify the movementsof the said mechanism.

16. In a telegraph typewriter the combination of a curved type-bearing surface, a group of electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, mechanism actuated by said armature to move said type-bearing surface, and another group of electromagnets and an armature therefor adapted to be moved in opposite directions, and means actuated by said last-named armature to modify the movements of said mechanism.

.17 In a telegraph typewriter the combination, of a curved type-bearing surface,

electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, and mechanism actuated by said armature to move the type-bearing surface comprising an arm, and yielding connections between said armature and arm to permit of a momentary overthrow of the latter.

18. In a telegraph typewriter the combination of a curved type-bearing surface,

'electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, and mechanism actuated by said armature to move said type-bearing surface comprising an arm, and yielding connections between said armature and arm to permit a momentary overthrow of the latter, and means to modify the movements of said arm without 'afi'ecting the operations due to said armature or" the mechanismwhi'ch permits the overthrow. I

19. In a. telegraph typewriter the combination of a curved type-bearing surface,

el'ectromagnets, an armature adapted to be held in normal position centrally between said magnets and adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, stops normally in position to limit the" extent of movement of said armature in opposite directicns, means actuated by said armature to move said type-bearing surface, and means to simultaneously release said stops to perm t of a further or additional movement of said armature beyond the corresponding stop.

20. In a telegraph typewriter the combination of a curved type-bearing surface, electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, an arm and connections between the same and said armature to effect a movement of said type-bearing surface when the armature is moved, and means to effect a movement of said connections different from .the aforesaid movement by said armature to impart a further or additional movement to said type bearing surface than that imparted thereto by the first named movement of the armature.

21. In a telegraph typewriter the combination'of a type wheel, a pinion mounted on the shaft thereof, a sector engaging said pinion, a pivoted arm on which said sector is carried, electromagnets, and means act-u- 'ated thereby to move said sector in opposite directions, and a second group of magnets adapted to modify the movements of said. arm irrespective of the movements of the armature of said first-named magnets.

22. In a telegraph typewriter the combination of a type wheel, mechanism for rotating the same comprising electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, an arm connected to an .il adapted to be moved by said armature, a second group of magnets and an armature therefor adapted to be moved in opposite directions, and means actuated by said last-named armature to effect a longitudinal movement of the connection between said arm and the first-named armature to modify he. movements of said arm.

23. In a telegraph typewriter the combination of a type wheel, means for rotating said wheel comprising a group of electro magnets, an armature adapted to'be moved in opposite directions by said magnets, an arm and connections between the same and said armature including a slot-ted plate, a second group of magnets and an armature therefor connected to said plate and adapt- "ed to move the same longitudinally in either prising a plurality ofgroups of magnets,

means for energizing one or more'magnets of each group by successive impulses, arma tures for said magnets and means actuated thereby to effect the ultimate position of said wheel irrespective of the order of movements of said armatures.

"25. In atelegraph typewriter thecombination of a type wheel, and mechanism for positioning said wheel for printing com prising three groups of magnets, means 516? tuated by the magnets of the first and second groups for differentially rotating said Wheel, by the combined action of said magnets, and means actuated by the magnets ofthe third group to move said wheel in a plane at right-angles to the planeof its .movenient by the magnets of the first and second groups. a

26. In a telegraph typewriterthecombr nation of atypewheel, and mechanism for positioning said wheel for printing comprising electromagnets, an armature mounted between saidmagnets and adapted to be moved thereby in either direction, meansactuated by said armature to rotate the type Wheel in either direction, a second series of electromagnets and means actuated thereby to modify the extent of movement of said wheel due to said first-named magnets, and

' a third series of magnetsand means actuated thereby to' move said wheel in a direction longitudinally of its axis.

' 27, In a telegraph typewriter the combination-of a type wheel, andmechanism for rotating said wheel comprising two groups of electromagnets, meansactuated by the magnet'sof one group to rotate said wheel in either direction, and means actuated by magnets of the othergroup to rotate said wheel either in the sa me or the opposite direction due to the first-named group of magnets. 28., In a telegraph typewriter 'the combination of a type wheel, and mechanism for rotating said wheel in opposite directions comprising electromagnets, an armature adapted to be moved in opposite directions by sald magnets, stops to limit the extent of movement of said armature, anda magnet and means actuated thereby to remove said limit the extent of movement :of said wheel,-

a magnet includedin each group and means actuated hereby to adjust said stops to permit a further movement of said wheel and means to impart additional movement to the type wheel-from the point at which the type wheel was arrested by one of said stops.

30. In a telegraph typewriterthe combi-' nation of a type wheel, and mechanism for rotating said wheel comprising magnets, an

armature therefor adapted to be moved in oppositedirections, means intermediate said armature and wheel and actuated by said armature to move the wheel a given amount, a second group of magnets adapted to act in conjunction with said first-named magnets to modify the movements of the type wheel due thereto, stops to limit the extent of movement of said wheel, and a magnet included in each group to control the position of said stops. I

31. An electric; circuit controlling system comprising a plurality of groups of working magnets, means for selectively energizing a magnet or magnets of each group, a line relay and contacts therefor, and means for, shifting thecircuits of the line relay contacts to said groups successively upon the opening of a line relay contact.

32. An electric circuit controlling system comprising a plurality of groups of work- 1ng magnets, an operating 'circuit and a holding circuit for the magnets of each group, a switching relay in the holding circuit, a line relay and contacts therefor, and means actuated by saidswitchingrelay to shift the circuits of the line relay contacts to said group successively upon the opening of a line relay contact.

33,- An electric circuit, controlling system comprising'a plurality of groups of working magnets, circuits for said magnets, means for selectlvely energizing a magnet or magnets of each group, a line relay and contacts therefor, a switching relay in the circuit of each group of magnets,.and means for-energizing said switchingrelays upon the openingofa line relay contact to shift thecircui'ts of the line relay contacts to said groups successively;

34E. An, electric circuit controlling system comprising a plurality'of groups of work-' ing magnets,a line relay and contactstherefor, an operating circuit and a holding cir-,, cult for each group of magnets, meansponr prising relays for switching the circuits of the line relay contacts to said groups sue cessively, and means for ma ntaining said relays energized and the holding circuits.

closed until all ofthe operating circuits have been energized.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto scribing witnessesfi TALLEN D. CARDWELL.

:VVitnesses: Y

" C. G HEXLMUN;

CHARLES S yJolvns.

signed my name in the presence of two sub- 'v 

